Tuesday, March 19, 2019

Creece Notes #7

Is teh United States a republic (the people vote for their leader and the leader makes decisions) or a democracy (people vote directly on issues that concern them)?

The Greeks' gods interaction with humans is what makes their relationship unique.
  • Examples are:
    • Poseidon (god of the sea) interfering with Odysseus.
    • Aphrodite (goddess of love) had lovers who were both gods and men.
    • Dionysus (a demigod of wine) was the son of Zeus (basically, god of gods) and Semele (a human princess).

  • Greek city-states military forces
    • Spartans
      • Greeks certainly were warlike people, but especially the Spartans.
      • Spartans were known for having a rough, ruthless infantry--soldiers who fought on land.
        • Spartan boys were trained since age seven.
    • Athens
      • Athenians also had a great infantry, but their navy was incredible.
        • Their most efficient weapon was the trireme.
          • It was a technological marvel which was rowed by up to 170 men distributed among three levels.
          • It was the fastest ship at the time, which could also be used as a battering ram.
      • Phalanx
        • Close-rank, dense grouping of warriors on land.
          • Armed with long spears and interlocking shields.
        • Soldiers would advance slowly towards their enemies until ranks were broken.
          • Then, the soldiers would take the place of the person in front lowering their spear.
  • Persian War
    • Greek army
      • Soldiers used iron weapons (so that ordinary citizens could afford to arm themselves).
        • Armed with spears, swords, and shields).
      • Foot soldiers (hoplites) were trained from an early age.
      • Often fought in the phalanx formation.
      • Had a "home field" advantage.
      • Were motivated to preserve their nation so that they would not have democracy taken away from them.
    • Persian army
      • Had huge numbers of soldiers.
      • Were a long way from home.
      • It was a professional army composed of soldiers by hire (aka mercenary).
      • Sequence of attack
        • Archers, who do damage from afar.
        • Cavalry (horses), which disrupt communication between the enemies' generals and soldiers.
        • Lightly armored infantry.
          • Carried spears, swords, and bows.
    • The Greeks were victorious and formed the Delian League.
      • Which took taxes from all of the citizens in the city-states that made up Greece (especially Athens) and used the money toward military growth.
        • Built up army to be able to defend Greece from another attack and invasions.

No comments:

Post a Comment